How to Grow Courgettes

Overview

Courgettes are fast-growing, prolific summer vegetables that are perfect for beginner gardeners. A single healthy plant can produce 20 or more courgettes over the season. They need warmth, sun, and rich soil to perform at their best.

Health Benefits

Low in calories, high in nutrients: Courgettes are an excellent low-calorie vegetable, rich in Vitamins A and C, which support vision and immune health.

Good source of potassium: Helps maintain healthy blood pressure and supports proper muscle and nerve function.

Supports digestive health: The fibre content in courgettes promotes healthy digestion and may help keep you feeling fuller for longer.

Soil Preparation

Prepare the planting site by digging in plenty of well-rotted manure or compost to create a rich, moisture-retentive soil. Courgettes are hungry plants that benefit from a soil pH around 6.0 to 7.0. Many growers plant directly into a mound of compost for extra warmth and fertility.

Sowing & Planting

Sow seeds indoors in April, placing them on their side in 9cm pots filled with compost. Germination takes about a week at 18-21°C. Harden off seedlings in late May and plant out after the last frost, spacing plants 90cm apart. Alternatively, sow directly outdoors in late May under cloches.

Care & Maintenance

Water regularly and deeply, especially once fruit begins to form, aiming at the base of the plant to reduce mildew risk. Mulch around plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Feed fortnightly with a balanced liquid fertiliser. Remove any leaves that show signs of powdery mildew promptly.

Harvesting

Pick courgettes when they are 10-15cm long for the best flavour and texture, typically from July onwards. Harvest frequently to encourage the plant to keep producing. Left too long, they will grow into marrows.

Common Problems

Powdery mildew is common in late summer, appearing as white powder on leaves. Improve air circulation and water at the base.

Poor fruit set can occur in cool or wet weather when pollinating insects are scarce. Hand-pollinate by transferring pollen from male to female flowers with a small brush.

Slugs and snails attack young plants. Use beer traps, copper tape, or organic slug pellets.

Companion Planting

Courgettes benefit from being planted near sweetcorn, beans, and nasturtiums, which can deter aphids and provide natural support. Avoid planting near potatoes.